The former player: 'I really hoped to continue my rugby career'
Warning: This article contains descriptions of racially offensive language and conduct
Ex-England centre Luther Burrell says that going public to expose racial discrimination in professional rugby brought his professional journey to an premature conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the game, showing digital communications and recalling training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to end my career because of what occurred," he explained to reporters.
"I really wanted to continue playing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it fell through when news emerged that there were inquiries underway.
"This situation was difficult - I had to just come to terms with the outcome and accept that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization investigation in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "likely correct", but stated it could not gather enough proof to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly overlooked for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also faced prejudice within the England set-up, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I've had several distressing experiences within the national team," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just old-school mentality that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been dressed up as humour and that's been the problem that I've myself suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"During a period of time you just begin to think that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to go public after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the elite game and to the introduction of an strategy for the professional game."
"The organization has given significant attention on inclusion and diversity in rugby union and a substantial amount of work undertaken both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his experiences of racism and classism," it added.
"We are ongoing work with teams and partners in the elite level to strive for a environment of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
All Premiership and PWR club now has in-person training on building inclusive cultures, with its success tracked via specific documentation and surveys.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to step in and defend others from damaging behaviour.
"You be so proud of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"We know it has had this effect on you and ended your playing days, but in our eyes, you have achieved so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away soon after the production of the documentary, and his sibling passed away earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a council estate in his hometown, continues his work to make the sport more accessible.
His 12 Foundation aims to connect with children in disadvantaged communities and support them succeed on and off the field with free sports training, mentoring and dietary education.
"My personal intentions are pure, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if nobody else is willing to share their story then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just pursuing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"We have an responsibility to make the sport as great as it can be and the more I speak about it perhaps the more confident others will become about sharing their personal experiences as well.
"I need to take the challenge by the opportunity and continue carrying this banner and continue supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to create possibilities and make the sport more attractive and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged young people and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely think that rugby has the potential to transform their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a comeback to former club Northampton in November 2022